Drug | Tablet
Metformin hydrochloride 500 mg
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (to control blood sugar) along with diet and exercise; may be used alone or with other antidiabetic medicines
Metformin decreases glucose production in the liver and reduces absorption of glucose from the intestine. It also improves insulin sensitivity in muscles, helping cells use glucose more effectively and lowering blood sugar without usually causing hypoglycaemia when used alone.
Oral tablet. Take as prescribed, usually with or after meals to reduce stomach upset. Swallow with water; do not crush/chew unless advised. Take at the same time each day; dose is titrated based on blood glucose and tolerance.
Common side effects of Glyciphage 500 Tablet may include:
Risk of lactic acidosis (rare but serious), especially with severe kidney disease, dehydration, severe infection, shock, liver disease, excessive alcohol intake, or hypoxia. Kidney function (eGFR/creatinine) should be checked before starting and periodically; dose adjustment/avoidance may be needed in renal impairment. Temporarily stop before/after iodinated contrast studies and major surgery as advised by doctor. Monitor for symptoms of lactic acidosis (deep/rapid breathing, severe weakness, persistent nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain). Long-term use can reduce vitamin B12—monitor if anaemia/neuropathy occurs.
