A Pulmonologist specializes in diseases of the lungs and respiratory system. They treat conditions like asthma, COPD, pneumonia, and sleep-related breathing disorders, and perform procedures such as bronchoscopy and pulmonary function testing.
A Pulmonologist specializing in Pulmonology diagnoses and manages a wide range of conditions. Here are some of the most common reasons patients consult a pulmonologist:
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See a Pulmonologist for a cough lasting more than 3 weeks, shortness of breath during normal activities, wheezing or noisy breathing, coughing up blood, recurrent respiratory infections, chronic snoring with daytime sleepiness, or if your asthma is not well-controlled despite regular medication.
Asthma is diagnosed through a combination of symptom history (recurrent wheeze, cough, breathlessness, chest tightness), physical examination, and pulmonary function tests (spirometry) that show reversible airflow obstruction. A peak flow diary and sometimes a methacholine challenge test help confirm the diagnosis.
Asthma typically starts in childhood, involves reversible airway narrowing, and is triggered by allergens, exercise, or cold air. COPD develops after age 40, usually in smokers, involves progressive irreversible lung damage, and worsens over time. Some patients have overlap features of both conditions (asthma-COPD overlap).
Yes. Pulmonologists diagnose sleep apnea through polysomnography (sleep study) and manage it with CPAP therapy, lifestyle modifications, or oral appliances. Untreated sleep apnea increases the risk of hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and daytime accidents due to excessive sleepiness.
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