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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (to improve glycaemic control) as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic medicines when diet and exercise alone are inadequate

Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that activates PPAR-γ receptors, improving insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver. It increases peripheral glucose uptake and reduces hepatic glucose output, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

Take by mouth as prescribed, usually once daily, with or without food. Take at the same time each day; continue diet and exercise plan. Do not stop or change dose without medical advice.

Weight gain, oedema (swelling), headache, dizziness, upper respiratory tract infection, muscle pain, increased liver enzymes, hypoglycaemia (when used with insulin/sulfonylureas)

Not for type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. Can cause fluid retention and may worsen or cause heart failure—avoid in NYHA Class III/IV heart failure and use caution in patients with oedema or cardiac disease. Monitor for weight gain and shortness of breath. Liver function should be checked before and during therapy; avoid in active liver disease. May increase risk of bone fractures (especially in women). Use caution in patients with history of bladder cancer or unexplained haematuria; report blood in urine. Regular monitoring of blood glucose and HbA1c is recommended.

Insulin (increased risk of oedema/heart failure and hypoglycaemia), sulfonylureas (hypoglycaemia), gemfibrozil (increases pioglitazone levels), rifampicin (reduces pioglitazone levels), oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol/norethindrone (may reduce hormone levels), other hepatotoxic drugs (increased liver risk)

Store below 25°C in a cool, dry place. Protect from moisture and direct light. Keep out of reach of children.

Pioglit 15 Tablet, Pioz 15 Tablet, Piozone 15 Tablet, Glitaz 15 Tablet, Pioglitazone 15 mg Tablet (generic)